The forceful exploitation of marine resources by the fishing industry kills billions of fish every year worldwide and is responsible not only for the loss of marine biodiversity, but also contributes to the desertification of the seabed. The lack of supervision on industrial fishing also favors the increase of predatory fishing (overfishing), an activity responsible for decimating entire populations of fish and other marine animals that, due to their ecosystems being distorted, can move towards total extinction.
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We cannot ignore the impact of fishing and fish farming on the environment.
We must also broaden the perspective on fish in the context of animal sentience.
Trawling is the main activity of industrial fishing, in which so-called gillnets chase shoals of fish in deep waters. In this method, a heavy chain is attached to the fishing net that “scrapes” the ocean floor to catch the animals, leaving a devastated desert behind.
After catching the fish shoals, the fish are pressed together for hours, with serious injuries as a result. When the net is pulled on board, hooks are used to take out the animals. Then the smaller fish are put in ice, causing a slow death from suffocation, while the larger fish are gutted while still conscious.
40% of the global marine catch* comes from accidental fishing, consisting of any animal caught by the nets that is not subsequently used by the industry. This threat to biodiversity and animal suffering is called bycatch and is responsible for the unintentional capture of turtles, sharks, dolphins, fish, mollusks and even seabirds.
Fish farming is a zootechnical activity that produces fish in tanks and ponds for profit.
In this method, fish are concentrated in a high density, creating an environment of intense stress, frustration and aggression among animals. In this context, injuries and infections are frequent.
Slaughter forms are also extremely cruel: fish are stunned by electrocution, by CO2 saturation or even by physical blows. The vast majority of fish are slaughtered by suffocation when exposed to the open air, while bleeding and gutting of conscious animals is also common in fish farming.
Environmental instability: it is common for exotic fish to escape from artificial to natural environments, impacting the lives of local species
Water pollution caused by substances contained in waste water from fish farms
Fonte: *¹ https://wwfeu.awsassets.panda.org/downloads/bycatch_factsheet.pdf
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